1. The energy released from the Sun comes from: A. Gravitational collapse B. Chemical reactions C. Nuclear fusion D. Solar radiation
2. Which of the following energy sources involves splitting heavy atomic nuclei to release energy? A. Fusion B. Fission C. Solar radiation D. Geothermal energy
3. The Earth's magnetic field is generated by: A. Solar wind B. Electric current in the core C. Magnetic minerals in the crust D. Friction between the Earth and the Moon
4. Which of the following is the primary constituent of a neutron? A. Protons and electrons B. Protons and neutrinos C. Neutrons and electrons D. Quarks
5. The Higgs boson is important in particle physics because it: A. Can be used to generate electricity B. Explains the mass of particles C. Releases radiation in nuclear reactions D. Provides energy to black holes
6. Which of the following best describes the energy source of the Earth’s core? A. Chemical reactions B. Solar radiation C. Gravitational contraction D. Radioactive decay
7. Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy source? A. Coal B. Wind energy C. Solar energy D. Hydropower
8. Which of the following types of energy does NOT contribute to global warming? A. Natural gas B. Nuclear energy C. Coal-based energy D. Solar energy
9. Which of the following particles is used in particle accelerators to probe the structure of atoms? A. Neutrino B. Electron C. Proton D. Positron
10. Which of the following statements best describes dark energy? A. A form of matter that emits light B. A form of energy that counteracts the effects of gravity C. Energy that slows down the expansion of the universe D. Energy that is produced by supernovae
12. In particle physics, a boson is a type of particle that: A. Carries forces B. Forms the structure of matter C. Is unstable D. Has half-integer spin
13. In a nuclear power plant, the role of the moderator is to: A. Increase the speed of neutrons B. Slow down neutrons to sustain the chain reaction C. Absorb excess neutrons D. Control the temperature of the reactor
14. In which of the following does the energy produced come from splitting large atomic nuclei? A. Fusion B. Fission C. Solar energy D. Wind energy
15. In particle physics, which of the following particles is considered a force carrier for gravity? A. Photon B. Gluon C. Graviton D. Neutrino
16. Which of the following best describes the role of a particle accelerator? A. It decelerates particles to observe their decay B. It accelerates particles to high velocities to study their interactions C. It creates a vacuum to remove particles D. It filters particles based on their mass
17. Which of the following statements is correct about nuclear energy? A. It uses high-temperature gases to produce electricity B. It releases large amounts of carbon dioxide C. It is generated by breaking apart heavy atomic nuclei D. It is generated by fusing light atomic nuclei
18. Which type of fusion reaction powers the Sun? A. Deuterium-Deuterium fusion B. Deuterium-Helium fusion C. Proton-Proton chain reaction D. Helium-Helium fusion
19. Which of the following is a primary example of using nuclear fusion in energy generation? A. The Sun and other stars B. Nuclear reactors on Earth C. Hydropower plants D. Coal-burning power plants
20. The energy released during nuclear fission reactions is primarily due to: A. Fusion of nuclei B. Disintegration of neutrons C. Conversion of mass to energy D. Breaking of atomic bonds
21. What is the major advantage of wind energy over fossil fuels? A. It is inexpensive B. It produces no greenhouse gases during operation C. It is easier to store energy D. It is available everywhere
22. Which particle is responsible for mediating the electromagnetic force? A. Gluon B. Photon C. W-boson D. Neutrino
23. In the Standard Model of particle physics, which particles are classified as fermions? A. Bosons and Gluons B. Quarks and Leptons C. Photons and Higgs bosons D. Protons and Neutrons
24. What is the main difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion? A. Fusion combines two nuclei, fission splits one nucleus B. Fusion splits one nucleus, fission combines two nuclei C. Fission occurs at high temperatures, fusion occurs at low temperatures D. Fusion generates waste, fission doesn't
25. The term 'dark energy' refers to: A. Energy created by black holes B. Energy that emits radiation C. Energy produced by fusion D. A form of energy that drives the accelerated expansion of the universe
26. The process by which stars generate energy is called: A. Radioactive decay B. Nuclear fusion C. Chemical combustion D. Gravitational collapse
27. Which of the following is a fundamental force of nature? A. Friction B. Electromagnetic force C. Elastic force D. Buoyant force
28. Which of the following particles is involved in the strong nuclear force? A. Electron B. Proton C. Neutron D. Gluon
29. Which of the following is true about dark energy? A. It makes up about 5% of the universe's mass-energy content B. It slows down the expansion of the universe C. It accelerates the expansion of the universe D. It is a type of matter
30. Which of the following is an example of potential energy? A. A moving car B. A stretched spring C. A flowing river D. A rotating fan
31. Which of the following energy sources produces the least greenhouse gas emissions? A. Coal B. Natural gas C. Solar power D. Nuclear power
32. Which type of energy is produced by the fission of heavy atomic nuclei? A. Solar energy B. Nuclear energy C. Thermal energy D. Kinetic energy
33. The process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two lighter nuclei is called: A. Nuclear fission B. Nuclear fusion C. Electron capture D. Beta decay
34. Which of the following is true about solar power? A. It produces no greenhouse gases during operation B. It requires fossil fuels to generate power C. It is only effective in regions with high winds D. It is an unstable energy source that cannot be used for large-scale generation
35. Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source? A. Natural gas B. Coal C. Hydropower D. Oil
36. Which of the following elements is typically used in solar cells to convert light into electricity? A. Silicon B. Uranium C. Carbon D. Aluminum
37. The Higgs boson is associated with: A. The weak nuclear force B. The strong nuclear force C. The gravitational force D. The Higgs field, responsible for particle mass
38. What particle is exchanged in the electromagnetic force? A. Gluon B. W-boson C. Photon D. Z-boson
39. The process that powers the sun is: A. Chemical reaction B. Fusion C. Radioactive decay D. Fission
40. The universe is believed to have originated approximately how many years ago? A. 1 million years B. 1 billion years C. 13.8 billion years D. 4.5 billion years
41. Dark matter is believed to make up approximately what percentage of the universe's mass-energy content? A. 5% B. 27% C. 68% D. 90%
42. Which of the following is NOT a force carrier particle in the Standard Model? A. Photon B. Gluon C. Neutrino D. W and Z bosons
43. Which of the following elements is most commonly used as fuel in nuclear reactors? A. Uranium-235 B. Plutonium-239 C. Thorium-232 D. Uranium-238
44. Which of the following best describes the Big Bang Theory? A. The Earth formed from the collapse of a star B. The universe began from an infinitely small point and is still expanding C. The universe began with a massive explosion of hydrogen D. The universe always existed in a stable state
45. Which of the following particles are involved in holding an atomic nucleus together? A. Electrons B. Neutrons and protons C. Protons and photons D. Neutrons and neutrinos
46. Which of the following is NOT a renewable source of energy? A. Solar energy B. Wind energy C. Hydropower D. Fossil fuels
47. In which part of an atom is the electron located? A. Nucleus B. Electron cloud C. Proton cloud D. Neutron cloud
48. In particle physics, which particle is responsible for carrying the weak nuclear force? A. Gluon B. Photon C. W and Z bosons D. Neutrino
49. What do we call the process where atoms are split to release energy? A. Fusion B. Fission C. Electrolysis D. Sublimation
50. Which of the following forms of energy is NOT part of the electromagnetic spectrum? A. Gamma rays B. X-rays C. Sound waves D. Microwaves