1. The formula for the energy stored in a capacitor is A. E = Q^2 / 2C B. E = 1/2 CV^2 C. E = 1/2 QV D. E = QV
2. Which of the following statements is true for electric field lines in a uniform electric field? A. They are parallel and equidistant B. They are curved C. They form closed loops D. They diverge from the charges
3. The Doppler Effect in light waves is responsible for the: A. Red shift in light from distant galaxies B. Change in wavelength of light when it enters a different medium C. Increase in light intensity at higher speeds D. None of the above
4. In a series combination of capacitors, the voltage across each capacitor is A. Equal for all capacitors B. Different depending on the capacitance C. Zero for all capacitors D. Proportional to the capacitance of each capacitor
5. The electric field intensity at a point in space is proportional to: A. The square of the charge B. The charge itself C. The inverse of the square of the distance D. The inverse of the distance
6. Electric potential difference between two points is defined as: A. Work done in moving a unit charge from one point to another B. Force experienced by a unit charge between the points C. Energy per unit charge at one point D. Electric field strength between the points
7. Which of the following is a vector quantity? A. Electric charge B. Electric potential C. Electric field D. Electric current
8. The electric field due to a negative point charge is: A. Radially outward from the charge B. Radially inward towards the charge C. Parallel to the surface of the charge D. Perpendicular to the charge surface
10. The observed frequency for a source moving at a constant speed towards an observer depends on: A. The speed of the source and observer B. Only the speed of the source C. Only the speed of the observer D. The frequency of the wave
11. The energy transported by a wave is proportional to the square of its: A. Frequency B. Amplitude C. Wavelength D. Velocity
12. Electric potential energy is a scalar quantity because: A. It only depends on the position of the charge B. It depends on the vector sum of forces acting on the charge C. It is independent of the position of the charge D. It is zero everywhere
13. The electric field inside a conductor is zero when: A. The conductor is in equilibrium B. The conductor is not in equilibrium C. The temperature is high D. The potential difference across the conductor is non-zero
14. In a longitudinal wave, the particles move: A. Perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation B. In the same direction as the wave propagation C. In a circular motion D. None of the above
15. The capacitance of a capacitor depends on the following except A. Plate area B. Plate separation C. Voltage across the plates D. Dielectric material
16. In a stationary wave, the energy is A. Continuously transferred from one point to another B. Transferred between nodes and antinodes C. Not transferred at all D. Only transferred at the antinodes
17. Which of the following is an application of polarization? A. Sunglasses B. X-ray imaging C. Sound wave detection D. Microwave cooking
18. Which of the following phenomena cannot be explained by wave theory of light? A. Reflection B. Diffraction C. Polarization D. Photoelectric effect
20. Which of the following factors does not affect the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor? A. Dielectric constant B. Plate area C. Separation between plates D. Voltage across the plates
21. When light from a receding object is observed, the observed wavelength: A. Increases B. Decreases C. Remains constant D. Depends on the medium
22. Which of the following statements is true for both mechanical and electromagnetic waves? A. They both require a medium to propagate B. They both transfer energy C. They both can travel through a vacuum D. They both travel at the same speed
23. The energy stored in a capacitor when it is connected to a battery depends on A. The charge on the capacitor B. The capacitance and the voltage applied C. Only the charge on the capacitor D. The resistance in the circuit
25. Which of the following is a property of light waves that can be demonstrated by polarization? A. Speed B. Amplitude C. Direction of propagation D. Transverse nature
26. Which of the following conditions is necessary for interference to occur? A. Waves must be of the same frequency B. Waves must be of different frequencies C. Waves must be of the same wavelength D. Waves must travel in the same direction
27. Which type of wave is produced by two waves traveling in opposite directions? A. Progressive wave B. Transverse wave C. Longitudinal wave D. Stationary wave
28. Which of the following best describes the relationship between wave speed, frequency, and wavelength? A. Wave speed = Frequency × Wavelength B. Wave speed = Wavelength ÷ Frequency C. Wave speed = Frequency ÷ Wavelength D. Wave speed = Frequency × Wavelength²
29. The frequency of a wave is inversely proportional to its: A. Amplitude B. Wavelength C. Speed D. Time period
30. The potential energy of a system of charges is minimized when: A. The charges are far apart B. The charges are close together C. The charges are arranged symmetrically D. The charges are randomly arranged
31. Which of the following is the correct expression for electric potential energy of a charge Q in an electric field E? A. U = QV B. U = 1/2 QV C. U = EQ D. U = Q²/2V
32. Electric field lines around a positive point charge are: A. Radial and point outwards B. Radial and point inwards C. Concentric circles D. Straight lines
33. The first harmonic in a stationary wave on a string fixed at both ends has A. One node and two antinodes B. One node and one antinode C. Two nodes and one antinode D. Two nodes and two antinodes
34. The voltage across a capacitor in a series combination of capacitors is A. The same across all capacitors B. Directly proportional to the capacitance C. Inversely proportional to the capacitance D. Depends on the charge stored in the capacitors
35. Which of the following materials can be used as an insulator? A. Copper B. Iron C. Glass D. Aluminum
37. The velocity of sound in a medium depends on: A. The mass of the medium B. The density and elasticity of the medium C. The amplitude of the wave D. The wavelength of the sound
38. The electric potential energy of a charge in an electric field depends on: A. The magnitude of the electric field only B. The position of the charge in the field C. The distance between the charges D. The mass of the charge
39. The electric field at a point due to a positive point charge is: A. Radially inward B. Radially outward C. Parallel to the surface D. Perpendicular to the surface
41. What causes diffraction patterns to form in a double-slit experiment? A. Interference between waves from the two slits B. Reflection of waves from the slits C. Refraction of waves in the air D. Absorption of light by the slits
43. The diffraction pattern of light is most evident when the slit width is... A. Large compared to the wavelength B. Small compared to the wavelength C. Equal to the wavelength D. None of the above
44. The energy stored in a capacitor is stored in the form of A. Electromagnetic field B. Electric field C. Magnetic field D. Electrostatic field
45. The energy transported by a wave is proportional to... A. Frequency B. Wavelength C. Amplitude squared D. Speed of the wave
46. Polarization of light can be observed by using which device? A. Convex lens B. Concave mirror C. Polaroid filter D. Prism
47. Which of the following is true about the central maximum in diffraction? A. It is the darkest region B. It is the brightest region C. It is the region where the first minimum occurs D. None of the above
48. Electric potential at a point is defined as: A. Work done in moving a unit charge from infinity to that point B. Force per unit charge at that point C. Electric field strength at that point D. Energy per unit charge at that point
49. A stationary wave is formed on a string when A. The waves move in the same direction B. The waves move in opposite directions C. The waves are in phase only D. The waves are in antiphase only
50. A dielectric material between the plates of a capacitor increases its A. Capacitance B. Resistance C. Inductance D. Charge