1. In normal dispersion, refractive index order is? A. Violet > Blue > Green > Yellow > Red B. Red > Violet > Blue > Green C. Green > Yellow > Blue > Violet D. All equal
2. Luminance of a surface is? A. Flux emitted per unit solid angle per unit projected area B. Flux per unit area C. Intensity D. Illuminance
3. For an image to be formed at the near point of the human eye, the object should be placed: A. Farther than the focal length of the eye lens B. Closer than the focal length of the eye lens C. At infinity D. At the focal point of the eye lens
4. Which of the following is true about a diverging lens? A. It always forms a virtual, upright image B. It always forms a real, inverted image C. It can form both real and virtual images D. It cannot form an image
6. The image formed by a concave lens is always? A. Virtual and diminished B. Real and inverted C. Real and enlarged D. Virtual and inverted
7. Refractive index of glass with respect to water is A. n_glass/n_water B. n_water/n_glass C. n_glass*n_water D. n_glass+n_water
8. The refractive index of a prism is related to the angle of minimum deviation by? A. n = sin((A+Dm)/2)/sin(A/2) B. n = sin(A)/sin(Dm) C. n = tan(A)/tan(Dm) D. n = cos(A)/cos(Dm)
14. Refractive index of prism n = ? A. sin((A+Dm)/2)/sin(A/2) B. sin(A)/sin(Dm) C. tan(A)/tan(Dm) D. cos(A)/cos(Dm)
15. The lateral displacement of ray through a glass slab is maximum when A. Angle of incidence is large but < 90° B. Incidence is zero C. Incidence = 90° D. Incidence = critical angle
16. Light in a denser medium strikes interface at 30° and n1 = 1.5, n2 = 1.0. Will TIR occur? A. Yes B. No C. Only partially D. Cannot say
17. The distance between the optical center and the focal point of a lens is called? A. Focal length B. Radius of curvature C. Magnification D. Object distance
18. Convex mirror forms image for: A. Object at infinity B. Object beyond focal point C. Any object distance D. Object inside focal point
19. Dispersion of light in a prism is a measure of? A. Angular spread of spectrum B. Prism thickness C. Deviation of red only D. Deviation of violet only
21. Concave mirror produces virtual image: A. Object at focus B. Object inside focus C. Object beyond center D. Object at infinity
22. Angle of incidence is measured between: A. Incident ray and mirror B. Normal and reflected ray C. Normal and incident ray D. Reflected ray and mirror
23. Which lens converges light rays? A. Concave lens B. Convex lens C. Bifocal lens D. Plano-convex lens
24. Refractive index of a medium is defined as A. Speed of light in medium / Speed of light in vacuum B. Speed of light in vacuum / Speed of light in medium C. Ratio of angles D. None of the above
25. Image formed by convex mirror is: A. Can be magnified B. Always magnified C. Equal to object size D. Always diminished
26. Which of the following types of lens corrects myopia (nearsightedness)? A. Biconvex lens B. Plano-convex lens C. Concave lens D. Convex lens
28. Deviation produced by a prism increases with? A. Decreasing refractive index B. Increasing wavelength C. Increasing refractive index D. Decreasing prism angle
31. Which of the following is true when light passes from a rarer to a denser medium? A. It bends away from normal B. It bends towards normal C. It does not bend D. It stops propagating
32. In a compound microscope, the distance between the objective lens and the eyepiece is typically: A. Less than a millimeter B. A few centimeters C. A few meters D. Several kilometers
34. The magnification produced by a lens is given by the formula? A. M = u/v B. M = h'/h C. M = f/v D. M = u/v
35. Distance of image behind plane mirror = A. Object distance from mirror B. Twice the object distance C. Depends on curvature D. Half the object distance
36. Principal axis of a spherical mirror: A. Line along reflected ray B. Line along incident ray C. Line joining center of curvature and pole D. Mirror surface
37. The primary cause of chromatic aberration is: A. Refraction of light B. Interference of light C. Dispersion of light D. Reflection of light
38. Luminous efficacy of radiation is? A. Ratio of luminous flux to radiant flux B. Ratio of flux to intensity C. Ratio of lux to nit D. Ratio of intensity to flux
39. Concave mirror, object at infinity: A. Image at pole B. Image at center of curvature C. Image at focus D. Image behind mirror
40. The concept of angular magnification in optical instruments refers to: A. The linear magnification of the image B. The angle subtended by an object at the eye with the instrument C. The amount of light transmitted through the lens D. The distance from the lens to the object
41. Dispersive power of a prism is? A. (nV - nR)/(n - 1) B. (nB - nR)/(nG - 1) C. (nV - nR)/(nG - 1) D. (nB - nV)/(nG - 1)
42. Which phenomenon is used in optical fibers? A. Refraction B. Total internal reflection C. Diffraction D. Interference
43. Minimum deviation occurs at? A. Symmetric path of light through prism B. Random path C. Edge path D. Along base
44. Critical angle of prism material depends on? A. Refractive index B. Prism thickness C. Base length D. Incident light intensity
45. Magnification of convex mirror is: A. Always more than 1 B. Always less than 1 C. Equal to 1 D. Depends on curvature
47. Which of the following is an optical instrument used for examining distant objects? A. Telescope B. Microscope C. Camera D. Projector
49. Apparent depth d' is related to real depth d and refractive index n as A. d' = n*d B. d' = d/n C. d' = n^2*d D. d' = d/n^2
50. Which device works based on total internal reflection? A. Prism B. Concave lens C. Convex lens D. Slit